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Primary Mainstream
Professional Readings: Science
On ESOL Online
On Other Websites
- Academic English: A Conceptual Framework
Scarcella describes the academic language students need to know, and the differences between language for academic success and everyday language (PDF, 2003).
- Curriculum, Learning and Effective Pedagogy: A Literature Review in Science Education
From the MOE.
- Language of Science (Specialised Language)
Examples of language features found in traditional science texts (ARB).
- Strategies and Resources for Mainsteam Teachers of English Language Learners
Includes a summary of research, effective approaches and strategies, and school case studies (PDF, Northwest Regional Education Laboratory).
- Teaching the Academic Language of Textbooks: A Preliminary Framework for Performing a Textual Analysis
A simple framework for working out what textbook language may be difficult for English Language Learners, and also, therefore, for deciding which items of academic language need to be taught. (The ELL Lookout, 2005)
- Essential Elements of Effective Science Instruction for English Learners
This publication discusses how science teachers can help their English language learners develop scientific talk and academic scientific writing skills (California Science Project). PDF File.
- A Guide to Learning English: Advice to Mainstream Teachers (of ESOL students) - a Summary
Make it comprehensible is the message. Clearly written advice from Paul Shoebottom at Frankfurt International School.
- A Guide to Learning English: Helping ESOL Students Understand What they Read
Clearly written advice from Paul Shoebottom at Frankfurt International School.
- A Guide to Learning English: Helping ESOL Students Understand What You Say
Clearly written advice from Paul Shoebottom at Frankfurt International School.
- A Guide to Learning English: What does the Science Teacher Need to Know?
A brief useful guide (Paul Shoebottom, Frankfurt International School).
- Ideas on Teaching: Responding to Student Diversity
General, practical suggestions for teachers with students from diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds in their mainstream classrooms. Appropriate for all sectors (University of Oklahoma).
- The Inclusive Classroom: Teaching Mathematics and Science to English Language Learners
From NWREL.
- Jigsaw Classroom
A co-operative learning technique that promotes effective learning and improves student motivation.
- Learning Science and English: How School Reform Advances Scientific Learning for Limited English Proficient Middle School Students
Findings from the US, a 4 year School Reform and Student Diversity Study of schools offering exemplary science and mathematics programmes.
- Meeting the Needs of Gifted Students: Differentiating Mathematics and Science Instruction
Approaches that allow students to work at different levels. Inclusive of ESOL students (NWREL).
- Overview of Second Language Acquisition Theory
From the NW Regional Educational Laboratory.
- Teaching Science to English Learners
An extended account of how the science teacher can help the ESOL students in the class.
- An Uncertain Role for Literacy in Elementary School Science
Research by Rowell and Ebbers on introducing students to the literacy practices of science communities.
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