Introduction

Language and languages
English is included in Language and Languages, one of the seven essential learning areas of The New Zealand Curriculum Framework.

Language development is essential to intellectual growth. It enables us to make sense of the world around us. The ability to use spoken and written language effectively, to read and to listen, and to discern critically messages from television, film, the computer, and other visual media is fundamental both to learning and to effective participation in society and the work-force.

Language is a vital medium for transmitting values and culture. Confidence and proficiency in one's first language contribute to self-esteem, a sense of identity, and achievement throughout life...

Because English is the language of most New Zealanders and the major language of national and international communication, all students will need to develop the ability and confidence to communicate competently in English, in both its spoken and written forms. Provision will be made for students whose first language is not English.

The New Zealand Curriculum Framework, page 10

English in the New Zealand Curriculum implements this statement, making explicit what is entailed in "the ability and confidence to communicate competently in English". Drawing on contemporary research and successful teaching practice, it defines the English language skills which students will need to participate fully in New Zealand society and in the international community.

Seeking to develop high levels of literacy, the English curriculum therefore establishes language aims for the three 'strands' – oral, written, and visual language. Within each strand it sets out a clear and structured progression, describing achievement objectives which span all levels of schooling. These give a basis for planning, and enable teachers, students, and parents to follow students' progress and be aware of the goals ahead. Continuity is also established between primary and secondary school programmes.

The English curriculum affirms that learning and teaching must be responsive to individual needs. It recognises that language learning involves the continual revision and consolidation of previous learning. As students' understanding of language becomes increasingly complex and sophisticated, their ability to use language for specific purposes also develops. This involves understanding and using the formal conventions of English.

The statement includes suggestions for learning, teaching, and assessment. These are intended to show how teachers can plan integrated programmes within a clear progression of achievement, how students can be helped to meet the various achievement objectives, and how assessment is used to monitor individual progress against the required outcomes.